Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42911347›Full record

ArticleGeroScience2026

Advanced brain age and longitudinal cognitive decline in healthy older adults.

Sigfus Kristinsson, Roger Newman-Norlund, Leonardo Bonilha, Lumi Bakos, Christopher Rorden, Sigurdur Sigurdsson, Vilmundur Gudnason, Julius Fridriksson

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in GeroScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sigfus KristinssonDepartment of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA. sigfus@mailbox.sc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0459-5369
Roger Newman-NorlundDepartment of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Leonardo BonilhaDepartment of Neurology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Lumi BakosArnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Christopher RordenDepartment of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Sigurdur SigurdssonIcelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.
Vilmundur GudnasonIcelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.
Julius FridrikssonDepartment of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.

Funding

NIA NIH HHS N01-AG-1-2100
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advanced brain age relative to chronological age may predict cognitive decline in healthy aging, but prospective evidence remains limited. We tested whether the brain age gap (BAG) predicts cognition and 5-year cognitive decline in the AGES-Reykjavik Study. Participants with structural MRI and neuropsychological data were included cross-sectionally (n = 4,606); mean age 76.4y; 58% female) and longitudinally (n = 2,561; mean follow-up 5.2y). BAG was estimated from T1-weighted MRI. Mixed-effects models examined BAG effects on Memory (M), processing speed (PS), and executive function (EF), adjusting for age, sex, and education. Higher BAG was associated with worse cognition across all domains (β = -0.037 to -0.047, all p < 0.001). BAG significantly predicted greater decline in M (β = -0.007, p = 0.046); subgroup analyses revealed steeper decline in M and EF with advanced brain age. BAG predicts longitudinal cognitive decline beyond chronological age, supporting its utility as a biomarker in preventative care of healthy aging.

Indexed as

AgingBrain ageBrain age gapCognitionCognitive declineNeuroimaging

Identifiers

PMID42911347

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.