ArticlePediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology2026
Association of early life anti-pathogen immune responses with infant food sensitisation and allergy: An elastic-net stability-selection approach.
Article in Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe development of food sensitisation (FS) and food allergy (FA) reflects complex interactions between genetic, environmental and immunological factors, which conventional univariate approaches may fail to capture. This exploratory study applied penalised regression to determine whether early-life immune responses to common pathogens are associated with infant FS and FA.
methodsAt 1 year of age, FS was determined by skin prick test and FA by allergy/tolerance history and oral food challenge. Elastic net regression (ENR) was applied to cytokine response data (13 cytokines) from whole blood stimulation (11 microbial stimuli) collected at 6 months of age (n = 147), together with longitudinal clinical data from MIS BAIR trial infants. Stably selected variables (0.75) were analysed by multivariable logistic regression to explore the direction of association of the stably selected variables.
resultsFor FS, 13 cytokine-stimulant pairs were stably selected in cytokine-only ENR models. After including early-life clinical factors, four pairs were retained. Two were inversely associated with FS (Haemophilus influenzae IL-1Ra and Pam3CSK4 MIP-1α). Two were positively associated (Streptococcus pyogenes IL-1Ra and peptidoglycan IFN-γ). For FA, four cytokine-stimulant pairs were selected in cytokine-only ENR models. Two were positively associated with FA (Escherichia coli-stimulated MCP-1 and S. pyogenes IP-10), and two inversely associated (Pam3CSK4 IL-1Ra and H. influenzae IL-1Ra). No cytokine responses were selected after inclusion of clinical factors in the FA model. The most consistently selected clinical factors were infant eczema for FS and topical corticosteroid treatment by 6 months for FA likely due to disease severity.
conclusionEarly-life cytokine responses to pathogens associated with FS and FA at 1 year were identified through stability selection. While hypothesis-generating, findings were consistent with a role for early immune perturbation in the development of food sensitisation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.