ArticleIJID regions2026
Timeliness of childhood vaccination in Iran: Survival analysis of a national immunization survey, 2019.
Article in IJID regions, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Objectives: Despite high vaccination coverage in Iran, delays in administering age-appropriate vaccines may compromise overall protection. This study used survival analysis to examine the timeliness of vaccine delivery and its sociodemographic correlates. Methods: We analyzed the vaccination histories of 8248 children aged 24-35 months from the 2019 National Immunization Coverage Survey. Timeliness for the third pentavalent dose (Penta3) and the first measles-mumps-rubella dose (MMR1) was assessed via Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models, with time-dependent effects where the proportionality assumption was violated. The Gini index was accounted for through stratification. Results: Although Penta3 coverage was high at 99.13%, only 72.23% of participants had received their vaccinations within the recommended time frame ( Conclusion: Even with high coverage, gaps in on-time vaccination remain-particularly, among higher-parity children and in urban settings at baseline. The findings underscore the value of routinely reporting timeliness (not just total coverage) and of targeting context-specific barriers (e.g. for large families and urban clinics) to narrow disparities in on-time immunization.
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