Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42909179›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in oncology2026

Mapping programmable mRNA research relevant to cancer-associated immune escape: a dual-database bibliometric and topic modeling analysis.

Xiao-Jie Zhou, Jun-Chi Zhu, Jian Dong, Shi-Ying Yan, Si-Yin Zhang, Jun-Ting Dong, Bai-Qi Zhang, Hong-Ru Che, Chen-Hao Zhang, Rui Zhang and 3 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Xiao-Jie Zhou *First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Jun-Chi Zhu *First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Jian Dong *First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Shi-Ying YanFirst Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Si-Yin ZhangFirst Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Jun-Ting DongFirst Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Bai-Qi ZhangSecond Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Hong-Ru CheSecond Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Chen-Hao ZhangFirst Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Rui ZhangSecond Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Chi ZhangDepartment of Basic Medical Science, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
De-Zhu LiuGraduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Cheng-Gang LiuDepartment of Basic Medical Science, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Programmable messenger RNA (mRNA) platforms can encode tumor antigens or immunomodulators, enabling coordinated antigen delivery and immune modulation. Yet the literature spans cancer vaccination, delivery engineering, immune biology, and adjacent infectious-disease research, making its structure and evidentiary boundaries difficult to discern. We mapped this cross-domain corpus to clarify its development, organization, and relevance to cancer-associated immune escape. Methods: We searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and Scopus on July 29, 2026, for English-language Articles and Reviews published since 2006. The strategy combined programmable or therapeutic mRNA, cancer, and immune-escape-related concepts. R-based analyses summarized the number of publications (NP), total citations (TC), and collaboration patterns; BERTopic modeled titles and abstracts after entity-aware preprocessing. Independent two-author review supported the five topic labels and characterized the outliers, and robustness was assessed across alternative clustering configurations. Results: The dataset comprised 756 publications (NP = 756). Annual output increased more than fourfold in 2021 and reached NP = 182 in 2025. China (NP = 291; 38.49%) and the United States (NP = 146; 19.31%) accounted for nearly 58% of corresponding-author publications. Sichuan University and Frontiers in Immunology ranked first in institutional and journal output, respectively. Nature had the highest retained source-record citation total (TC = 2,326). BERTopic assigned 745 publications to five topics, while 11 of 756 records remained outliers (1.46%). The topics represented mRNA delivery and immunomodulatory cancer-vaccine research (52.1%), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in oncology and immunotherapy settings (23.6%), therapeutic mRNA cancer-vaccine platforms (13.3%), tumor-antigen discovery and immune-subtype stratification (8.6%), and mRNA-vaccine immunogenicity during autoimmune immunosuppression (2.4%). Conclusions: Publication activity in the retrieved cross-domain corpus expanded rapidly after 2020. The corpus included both direct cancer-mRNA research and adjacent platform or immune-response literature. By distinguishing these components and identifying thematic connections among delivery, antigen selection, immune context, and collaboration, the analysis provides an evidence-navigation framework for prioritizing systematic reviews, mechanistic studies, and clinical evaluation. The map does not itself establish therapeutic efficacy.

Indexed as

BERTopicbibliometric analysiscancer vaccinelipid nanoparticleneoantigenprogrammable mRNAtopic modelingtumor immune escape

Identifiers

PMID42909179
PMCPMC13683939

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.