ArticlePreventive medicine reports2026
Risk and protective factors for sexually violent behavior among male medical undergraduates across Vietnam: Prospective cohort study.
Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: In Asia/Pacific, 24% of men 18-49 years report perpetrating rape. Longitudinal research on sexually violent behavior (SVB) is limited. We assessed risk/protective factors for SVB in a cohort of young men across Vietnam. Methods: 2444 male students attending six Vietnamese universities in 2024 participated in two pre-intervention waves of SCALE, an implementation trial of the GlobalConsent sexual-violence-prevention program. Marginal models with a logit link assessed wave-one risk/protective factors for six-month wave-two SVB. Predicted probabilities were derived for significant factors. Results: Six-month SVB prevalence was 15.5% (wave one) and 15.2% (wave two). Factors associated with wave-two SVB were: depressive symptoms moderate or higher (adjusted odds ratio aOR = 1.70), sexual consent knowledge (aOR = 0.44), prior-to-18 sexually explicit material (SEM) use (aORs = 1.92 non-physically-violent SEM, 6.29 physically-violent SEM once, 7.51 violent SEM more than once), 3-4 childhood-family-dysfunction types (aOR = 4.87), 4-6 child-maltreatment types (aOR = 1.90), and wave-one SVB (aORs = 2.23 non-contact, 4.57 contact). The predicted probability of wave-two SVB was 92.33% (95% confidence interval [CI] 87.58%, 97.07%) for higher-risk/lower-protection students and 0.69% (95%CI 0.07%, 1.32%) for lower-risk/higher-protection students on significant wave-one factors. Conclusions: Efficacious universal sexual-violence prevention programming and risk-reducing psychosocial support in higher-risk/less-protected men may promote healthy sexual behavior among male undergraduates across Vietnam.
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