ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Cytotoxic activity of settled dust in primary schools: a multi-matrix, multi-season screening approach for children's environmental health.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Children spend up to nine hours daily in school environments, yet the potential health impact of accumulated indoor dust remains largely uncharacterised. This study provides the first multi-matrix, multi-season assessment of passive dust samples from Portuguese primary schools, using the MTT assay to evaluate the biological activity of complex indoor pollutant mixtures. 207 passive samples were collected across 11 primary schools in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, using four sampling matrices, settled dust filters, electrostatic dust cloths (EDC), electrostatic dust cloths on T-shirts (EDCT), and floor mops, across six indoor locations, warm and cold seasons, and in urban and rural contexts. Cytotoxic activity was assessed in A549 (human alveolar epithelial) and SK (swine kidney) cells, potential azole resistance was detected by growth on azole-supplemented culture media. Cytotoxic activity was detected in 64.7% (A549) and 24.6% (SK) of samples. Sampling matrix was the strongest predictor of cytotoxic variability for both cell lines (A549: R
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