ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Uterine-cavity Lactobacillus relative abundance and endometrial polyp recurrence after hysteroscopic polypectomy: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Endometrial polyps are among the most common benign uterine lesions, yet their recurrence after hysteroscopic polypectomy remains poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests that uterine-cavity microbial composition may be related to endometrial inflammation and tissue biology. However, the association between uterine microbiome composition and polyp recurrence has not been systematically investigated. Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of 288 women who underwent hysteroscopic polypectomy between January 2021 and June 2024. Uterine cavity fluid was collected intraoperatively for 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (V3-V4 region). Patients were classified into Lactobacillus-Dominant (LD, Results: The 12-month recurrence rate was higher in the LND group than in the LD group (31.8% vs. 14.1%, Conclusion: Lactobacillus-non-dominant uterine-cavity microbiome status was associated with higher 12-month endometrial polyp recurrence after hysteroscopic polypectomy after adjustment for measured clinical factors. These findings support further evaluation of uterine microbiome profiles as potential risk-stratification markers, but they do not establish causality or justify routine antimicrobial or microbiome-guided treatment.
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