Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42905848›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

Observations show increased nitrate in coastal cloud droplet residuals from large-particle activation and N

Abigail S Williams, Lynn M Russell, Sanghee Han, Veronica Z Berta, Jeramy L Dedrick, Teresa Campos, Lauren T Robinson, Rachel Y-W Chang, Ryan N Farley, Allison C Aiken and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Abigail S WilliamsScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7093-0735
Lynn M RussellScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6108-2375
Sanghee HanScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4838-5101
Veronica Z BertaScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0118-7431
Jeramy L DedrickScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3569-0235
Teresa CamposAtmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7226-3569
Lauren T RobinsonScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-5476-6254
Rachel Y-W ChangDepartment of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-2337-098X
Ryan N FarleyEarth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0832-5286
Allison C AikenEarth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5749-7626
Cynthia H TwohyScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9092-1134
Michael J WheelerAir Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3406-4892
Jeremy J B WentzellAir Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9637-0142
John LiggioAir Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-3683-4595

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clouds change the chemical composition of aerosols, yet observations characterizing these processes are quite limited. Ground-based in-cloud measurements in coastal Southern California show that the highest nitrate to sulfate ratio (2.5 ± 1.7) in droplet residuals is near cloud base where cloud liquid water content and droplet number concentration are below the observed 20th percentile. The number size distribution of nitrate-rich particles peaks at a larger diameter than sulfate-rich particles, supporting growth to droplets of nitrate-rich particles at lower supersaturations than for sulfate-rich particles. Nitrate mass concentrations are up to three times higher in-cloud compared to pre-cloud and correlated with statistically significant reductions in ozone concentrations, consistent with contributions from in-cloud nitrate formation by N

Identifiers

PMID42905848
PMCPMC13686010

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.