Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42905617›Full record

ReviewJournal of pediatric rehabilitation medicine2026

What are structural barriers and facilitators to accessing habilitation or rehabilitation among children with cerebral palsy in low- and middle-income countries? A scoping review.

Jessica J Wong, Pierre Côté, Lauren Ead, Simran Walia, Alanna Veitch, Nora Bakaa, Ashiga Surendiran, Cullen Ye, Jen Rinaldi, Taryn Eickmeier and 5 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Jessica J WongSchool of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5593-0238
Pierre CôtéInstitute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada.
Lauren EadInstitute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada.
Simran WaliaInstitute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada.
Alanna VeitchInstitute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada.
Nora BakaaSchool of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Ashiga SurendiranFaculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Cullen YeSchulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Jen RinaldiInstitute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada.
Taryn EickmeierResearch, Innovation and Knowledge Mobilization, Grandview Children's Centre, Ajax, ON, Canada.
Jamiu BusariInstitute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8616-5564
Rajani MullerpatanMGM Center of Human Movement Science, MGM School of Physiotherapy, MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, India.
Remla ShirimaPhysiocare, PPF Olorien Commercial Complex, Arusha, Tanzania.
Kent MurnaghanLibrary Services, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Heather M ShearerInstitute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PurposeThis scoping review aimed to systematically map the experiences regarding structural barriers and facilitators to accessing habilitation or rehabilitation among children with cerebral palsy (CP) in low- and middle-income countries; and investigate whether experiences vary by social factors.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review that included qualitative or mixed methods studies (qualitative component) exploring structural barriers or facilitators to accessing habilitation/rehabilitation among children with CP. Structural barriers and facilitators included socioeconomic and political contexts, governance, policies, and cultural/societal values. Paired reviewers screened citations retrieved from databases and charted data, and we conducted a descriptive synthesis.ResultsWe identified 34 relevant studies. Based on one study in a low-income country focused on home-based programs, barriers included restrictive home environments and lack of understanding of CP, while facilitators involved the use of locally available resources. For lower- and upper-middle income countries (33 studies), structural barriers and facilitators to access were related to finances; location, transportation, inaccessibility, and unavailability of services; system infrastructure; lack of knowledge; and perceptions concerning CP. We identified structural barriers as stigma concerning CP in lower-middle income countries, and disruptions during natural emergencies in upper-middle income countries.ConclusionsIn middle-income countries, children with CP face many structural factors to accessing habilitation or rehabilitation, which intersect with social factors. Research is needed for low-income countries.

Indexed as

barrierscerebral palsychildrenfacilitatorshabilitationrehabilitationscoping reviewstructural factors

Identifiers

PMID42905617
PMCPMC13687472

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.