Inoculum Effect in Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Isolates: Impact on Ceftazidime and Cefepime Susceptibility.

Shahinda Rezk, Noha Fawzy, Amel Elsheredy, Rasha Emad Mansour, Ola Kader

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Current microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Shahinda RezkMicrobiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt. shahinda.rezk@alexu.edu.eg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2916-6226

Noha FawzyBorg El Arab Medical Administration, Alexandria, Egypt.

Amel ElsheredyMicrobiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt.

Rasha Emad MansourAlexandria Main University Hospital, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

Ola KaderMicrobiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multidrug- or extensively drug-resistant (MDR or XDR) Gram-negative infections remain a global challenge, further complicated by the inoculum effect (IE), which can significantly alter the in vitro activity of β-lactam antibiotics and may contribute to treatment failure in infections with a high bacterial burden. In this study, we evaluated the IE of ceftazidime (CAZ) and cefepime (FEP) against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative clinical isolates. Fifty isolates, including Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis), were included in the current study. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of CAZ and FEP were determined at standard (10

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsCefepimeCeftazidimeCephalosporinsDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialGram-Negative BacteriaBacterial Proteinsbeta-LactamasesEscherichia coliGram-Negative Bacterial InfectionsHumansKlebsiella pneumoniaeMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPseudomonas aeruginosaThird Generation CephalosporinsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacterial Proteinsbeta-LactamasesCefepimeCeftazidimeCephalosporinsThird Generation Cephalosporins

Identifiers

PMID42905269

DOI10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2003.11.007

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.