Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42905235›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of pediatrics : WJP2026

Triglyceride-glucose index identifies early metabolic stress and β-cell vulnerability in pediatric obesity.

Ling-Wen Ying, Jia-Yue Hu, Jia-Xiao She, Bi-Yun Feng, Li-Bo Wang, Shi-Yang Gao, Fan Yang, Yi-Guo Huang, Qian-Wen Zhang, Juan Li and 3 more

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Article in World journal of pediatrics : WJP, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Ling-Wen YingDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
Jia-Yue HuDepartment of Clinical Research Ward, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
Jia-Xiao SheDepartment of Clinical Research Ward, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
Bi-Yun FengDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
Li-Bo WangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
Shi-Yang GaoDepartment of International Clinic, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
Fan YangDepartment of Clinical Research Ward, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
Yi-Guo HuangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
Qian-Wen ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
Juan LiDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
Yu DingDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
Xiu-Min WangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China. wangxiumin1019@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2186-759X
Guo-Ying ChangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China. changguoying@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0701-3544

Funding

2024-National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Project 10000015Z155080000004National Key R&D Program of China 2023YFC2706305National Nature Science Foundation of China NO. 82170910the Healthcare Project under the Civil Livelihood Research Special Program, Pudong New Area Science and Technology Development Fund (Public Institution), Science, Technology and Economy Commission of Shanghai Pudong New Area PKJ2023-Y48the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 82400985
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a simple marker of insulin resistance and metabolic risk, but whether it captures early β-cell vulnerability in children with obesity remains unclear. This study aimed to determine whether TyG index is associated with indices of β-cell function and metabolic risk beyond the severity of obesity in children.

methodsThis cross-sectional study included children/adolescents with obesity who underwent comprehensive metabolic evaluation, including oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT). Participants were stratified by TyG tertiles and conventional metabolic classifications. Insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and β-cell disposition indices were derived from OGTT data. Associations between TyG, body mass index (BMI) Z-score, and metabolic biomarkers were assessed using correlation, multivariate regression, and unsupervised clustering analyses.

resultsDespite comparable severity of obesity, children in the highest TyG tertile exhibited a markedly adverse metabolic profile, characterized by higher glycemic and hepatic markers and reduced insulin sensitivity. OGTT-derived indices showed lower insulin sensitivity and reduced secretion-sensitivity coupling with increasing TyG, while hybrid disposition index remained preserved across TyG tertiles. TyG showed broader and more robust associations with metabolic and β-cell-related indices than BMI Z-score and was independently associated with β-cell disposition indices in multivariate models. Cluster analysis further revealed distinct metabolic phenotypes among children with similar degrees of obesity, with TyG distinguishing high-risk profiles characterized by impaired insulin sensitivity and potential β-cell vulnerability. Comparisons across metabolic states further indicated that TyG provided metabolic information not fully captured by conventional categorical definitions of metabolic dysfunction.

conclusionsThe TyG index is associated with a dimension of metabolic stress and potential β-cell vulnerability in pediatric obesity that is not adequately reflected by the severity of obesity alone. By identifying metabolic heterogeneity not fully captured by BMI-based assessment, TyG may complement conventional risk assessment and support metabolic risk stratification in children with obesity.

Indexed as

Insulin sensitivityMetabolic risk stratificationPediatric obesityTriglyceride–glucose indexβ-Cell function

Identifiers

PMID42905235

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.