ArticleRoyal Society open science2026
Self-supporting graphitized palm-branch anodes for enhanced electricity generation from sewage wastewater in membrane-less microbial fuel cells.
Article in Royal Society open science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
A simple strategy was developed to fabricate self-supporting bioanodes from graphitized palm-tree-branch powder for application in membrane-less microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Palm tree branches were graphitized at 900°C, 1000°C and 1100°C, ground into fine powder, blended with bitumen and starch, compression-moulded and thermally treated to produce robust anodes. The resulting electrodes were evaluated in an air-cathode, single-chamber MFC using raw sewage wastewater without external microbial inoculation or nutrient addition. Structural and electrochemical analyses showed that the prepared anodes possessed rough porous surfaces, stable carbon-dominated electrochemical behaviour and improved conductivity compared with an activated-carbon-based anode. Among the investigated samples, the anode prepared from palm branches graphitized at 1000°C exhibited the best overall performance. In sewage containing 5g l
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