ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Altered OXPHOS potential in ascites immune cells is linked to CD4 T-cell exhaustion and a higher risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background and aims: Ascites marks advanced cirrhosis and increases the risk of complications including SBP. Systemic inflammation in liver disease is well characterized, but the immunometabolic properties of the peritoneal compartment remain undefined. This study evaluated the metabolic characteristics of ascites-derived immune cells. Method: Matched blood and ascites samples from patients with cirrhosis without SBP (n = 21) were analyzed. OXPHOS and glycolysis were assessed using the Seahorse XFe96, lactate concentrations were measured, and immune cell subsets were characterized by spectral flow cytometry. Results: T cells were the dominant subset in ascites and blood (58.2% vs. 49%, p=0.0822) and CD4 Conclusion: Peritoneal immune cells exhibit a dissociated phenotype-elevated oxidative activity alongside features of immune exhaustion-reflecting their distinct role in immune regulation within the peritoneal environment.
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