ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
ENHO and EDN1 variants link adropin-endothelin-1 imbalance with early vascular aging in adults with and without type 2 diabetes.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Early vascular aging (EVA) is common in type 2 diabetes, yet its inherited determinants remain undefined. This study examined the associations of ENHO and EDN1 genetic variation with circulating adropin, endothelin-1, their relative imbalance, and early vascular aging in adults with and without T2DM. Methods: This study included 300 adults aged 25-55 years, comprising 150 participants with T2DM and 150 age- and sex-matched controls. Participants were further classified as having Early vascular aging (EVA) (n=116) or Normal vascular aging (NVA) (n=184) using age-referenced estimated pulse wave velocity. ENHO rs2281997 and rs72735260, and Results: In the overall cohort, all four variants were associated with EVA in the risk direction. rs5370 and rs72735260 remained significant after FDR correction. Each additional risk allele in the Total GRS increased the adjusted odds of EVA by 69% (OR 1.691, 95% CI 1.381-2.094), with a graded increase across genetic burden categories. Higher ENHO-GRS was associated with lower adropin, higher EDN1-GRS with higher endothelin-1, and higher Total GRS with greater AEI, which statistically mediated 51.8% of the GRS-EVA association. Within the study cohort, AEI discriminated EVA better than GRS (AUC 0.776 vs 0.661). Conclusions: Combined
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