ArticlePediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism2026
Thyroid ultrasonography versus scintigraphy for establishing a stepwise imaging approach in pediatric patients with thyroid dysgenesis in resource-limited settings.
Article in Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionThyroid scintigraphy and ultrasonography are the two primary imaging modalities widely used for thyroid visualization in pediatric patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH). These modalities provide complementary information. In resource-limited settings, adopting a stepwise approach for selecting the initial imaging modality is essential. AIM OF THE STUDY: To compare the diagnostic performance of thyroid ultrasonography, thyroid scintigraphy, and combined modalities in categorizing the type of thyroid dysgenesis. MATERIAL AND
methodsThis cross-sectional study included 56 patients with CH due to thyroid dysgenesis. 99mTc thyroid scintigraphy was performed in all patients at diagnosis. Participants underwent thyroid ultrasonographic examination.
resultsUltrasonography showed the highest sensitivity in diagnosing thyroid hypoplasia (75%) but lacked sensitivity in detecting ectopic thyroid. Thyroid scintigraphy sensitivity was highest for diagnosing ectopic glands and agenesis (100%) but less sensitive for hypoplasia (54.5%). Combining both imaging modalities demonstrated a sensitivity and accuracy of 100% across all types of dysgenesis.
conclusionsCombined thyroid scintigraphy and ultrasonography demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy, enabling precise characterization of thyroid dysgenesis. If the combined approach is not feasible, initiating thyroid scintigraphy is recommended as the first-line imaging modality and neck ultrasonography serves as a complementary second line imaging technique.
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