Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42902184›Full record

ArticleBMC primary care2026

Sharing general practice data: a qualitative study with Australian general practitioners.

Heidi Green, Justin Beilby, Carolyn Adams, Alberto Nettel-Aguirre, Felicity Flack, Anthony Brown, Allison Clarke, Christian Jung, Belinda Fabrianesi, Lucy Carolan and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC primary care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Heidi GreenAustralian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, School of Social Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia. hgreen@uow.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7908-3819
Justin BeilbyAustralian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, School of Social Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Carolyn AdamsMacquarie Law School, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Alberto Nettel-AguirreAustralian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, School of Social Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Felicity FlackPopulation Health Research Network, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
Anthony BrownAustralian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, School of Social Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Allison ClarkeAustralian Government Department of Health and Aged Care, Data and Analytics Branch, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Christian JungAustralian Government Department of Health and Aged Care, Primary Care Strategy Branch, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Belinda FabrianesiAustralian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, School of Social Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Lucy CarolanAustralian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, School of Social Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Annette Braunack-MayerAustralian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, School of Social Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.

Funding

Digital Health CRC 0217
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe increasing demand for access to general practice data for research and policy development presents ethical challenges for Australian general practitioners (GPs), particularly around patient consent, privacy, and trust. As frontline custodians of patient information, GPs must navigate the tension between supporting public benefit and upholding their professional obligations to confidentiality and autonomy.

methodsThis qualitative study involved interviews with 19 Australian GPs who reported limited experience with secondary use of general practice data. Participants were recruited via professional networks and interviewed using open-ended questions informed by prior community jury recommendations. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo 12, with an ethical lens applied to identify key themes related to trust, consent, and data governance.

resultsGPs expressed broad support for using general practice data in research but emphasised the centrality of trust in the doctor-patient relationship. Most participants preferred an opt-in consent model, citing transparency and respect for patient autonomy. Concerns were raised about privacy breaches, re-identification risks, and the ethical implications of remuneration. Organisational constraints, such as time pressures and limited decision-making authority within practices, were identified as barriers to implementing ethical data-sharing practices.

conclusionAustralian GPs are pivotal in shaping ethical and effective models for data sharing in general practice. However, substantial policy, educational, and ethical work is needed to address their concerns. Building trust, ensuring transparency, and respecting patient autonomy are essential to securing GP support for routine data collection. A collaborative approach involving government, community, and general practice stakeholders is necessary to develop acceptable and sustainable data-sharing frameworks.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelGeneral PracticeGeneral PractitionersInformation DisseminationAdultAustraliaConfidentialityFemaleHumansInformed ConsentInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedPhysician-Patient RelationsPrivacyQualitative ResearchConsentData sharingGeneral practice dataGeneral practitionerTrust

Identifiers

PMID42902184
PMCPMC13682028

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.