Species-specific divergence in Phytophthora infestans resistance between Nicotiana benthamiana and potato mediated by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid pretreatment.

Yuhan Zhang, Yuxin Li, Ying Shi, Chengui Zhao, Jingye Fu, Qiang Wang

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Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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Yuhan ZhangState Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.

Yuxin LiState Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.

Ying ShiState Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.

Chengui ZhaoState Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.

Jingye FuState Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China. jingyefu@sicau.edu.cn.

Qiang WangState Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China. qwang@sicau.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-8177

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Abstract

backgroundLate blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is a devastating oomycete disease threatening global potato (Solanum tuberosum) production. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), has also been proposed to act as a bioactive signal in plant stress responses, but its contribution to plant immunity remains elusive.

resultsHere, we show that ACC pretreatment exerts opposite effects on P. infestans resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana and the potato cultivar 'Favorita', revealing strong species-specific transcriptional reprogramming. In N. benthamiana, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are enriched in defense-related pathways, including plant-pathogen interactions, hormone signaling, and secondary metabolism. In potato, DEGs mainly involve primary metabolism, cell wall remodeling, and photosynthesis regulation. The jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and signaling pathway emerge as a central hub underlying this divergence. ACC markedly induces JA-related genes in N. benthamiana but fails to activate them in potato. Exogenous MeJA enhances resistance, whereas the JA biosynthesis inhibitor DIECA weakens the ACC-associated resistant phenotype in N. benthamiana and aggravates disease in potato. Antioxidant-enzyme assays and DAB staining support distinct ROS-associated responses between the two species. Transient expression assays of JA- and protease inhibitor-related candidate genes further support their roles as downstream contributors to disease resistance.

conclusionsCollectively, our findings suggest that ACC pretreatment produces species-specific defense outcomes against P. infestans through differential recruitment of a JA-associated regulatory network and downstream defense layers, including protease inhibitors and ROS-associated responses. These results refine our understanding of ACC/ethylene-associated immune regulation and provide candidate targets for sustainable late blight management and resistance breeding.

Indexed as

Amino Acids, CyclicDisease ResistanceNicotianaPhytophthora infestansPlant DiseasesSolanum tuberosumCyclopentanesGene Expression Regulation, PlantOxylipinsPlant Growth RegulatorsSpecies Specificity1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acidAmino Acids, CyclicCyclopentanesjasmonic acidOxylipinsPlant Growth RegulatorsACCJasmonic acidLate blightN. benthamianaPotato

Identifiers

PMID42902129

DOI10.1186/s12870-026-09608-1

PMCPMC13681915

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