ArticleJournal of applied genetics2026
Exploring shared genetic architecture in psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis: a multi-method approach.
Article in Journal of applied genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are immune-mediated diseases that co-occur clinically, but their shared genetic architecture and the direction of shared effects remain debated. We integrated genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from FinnGen and UK Biobank using linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), high-definition likelihood (HDL), ρ-HESS, MTAG, CPASSOC, colocalization, and MAGMA. The primary cross-population analysis showed a negative global genetic correlation (LDSC unconstrained: rg = - 0.3004, P = 6.70 × 10⁻³; constrained: rg = - 0.2251, P = 3.00 × 10⁻⁴; HDL: rg = - 0.3307, P = 1.14 × 10⁻³). Ancestry-matched sensitivity analyses produced positive but heterogeneous estimates (FinnGen: rg = 0.2422 to 0.6334; UK Biobank: rg = 0.1294 to 0.3777) that were not uniformly significant. Cross-trait analyses identified 95 independent SNPs and 10 additional shared loci. After allele harmonization, all 10 loci showed opposite MTAG effect directions for psoriasis and RA (two-sided exact binomial P = 1.95 × 10⁻³), indicating directional heterogeneity and possible antagonistic pleiotropy. Colocalization provided evidence for a shared causal signal at two TYK2 variants, rs11085727 and rs144309607 (PP.H4 > 0.8; r² = 0.0805 and D' = 1.0), although these results should be interpreted cautiously because they may reflect distinct correlated variants. MAGMA identified immune-related tissue enrichment for psoriasis but not RA. Collectively, these findings indicate that psoriasis and RA share genetic loci, but the global direction of genetic correlation is ancestry- and data-source-dependent and that locus-level effects include opposing directions. TYK2 remains a plausible shared target, but its therapeutic implications require direction-aware fine-mapping and functional validation.
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