ArticleOdontology2026
Influence of final irrigation with EDTA and chitosan on apical microleakage of different apical repair materials in simulated immature teeth: a confocal laser scanning microscopy study.
Article in Odontology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study assessed the effects of different final irrigation solutions and apical repair materials on apical microleakage in simulated immature teeth using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Ninety-six extracted human permanent maxillary incisors were used to create a model of immature teeth with open apices. The teeth were randomly allocated into three groups according to the final irrigation solution: distilled water, 17% EDTA, and 0.2% chitosan. Each group was divided into four subgroups according to apical repair material: Biodentine, MTA Repair HP, TotalFill BC RRM Fast Set Putty (TotalFill FSP), and Endocem MTA Premixed Regular (EMPR). After material placement, the specimens were immersed in 0.2% rhodamine B dye, then sectioned longitudinally and analyzed using CLSM. Microleakage was quantified with ImageJ. Data were analyzed using aligned rank transform (ART) ANOVA followed by ART-based pairwise contrasts using the art.con() function with Tukey-adjusted p-values (p < .05). Final irrigation solutions, apical repair materials, and their interaction significantly affected apical microleakage (p < .05). Chitosan showed the lowest microleakage, followed by EDTA and distilled water (p < .05). Microleakage differed significantly among apical repair materials (p < .05), with increased values in the TotalFill FSP, Biodentine, MTA Repair HP, and EMPR groups. The chitosan-TotalFill FSP combination demonstrated the lowest microleakage values (1.24 ± 0.02 mm; p < .05), whereas the distilled water-EMPR combination showed the highest microleakage values (3.35 ± 0.03 mm; p < .05). Within the limitations of this in vitro study, final irrigation with chitosan and the use of TotalFill FSP improved the apical sealing in immature teeth with open apices.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42900329What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.