ArticleDocumenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology2026
Automated quantification of RETeval™ sensor electrode position from infrared eye images: a preliminary technical report.
Article in Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo present an automated method for computing the position of the RETeval skin sensor electrode and the iris color ratio (IC
methodsInfrared eye images were extracted from .RFF binary files recorded in 19 healthy young participants (mean age 10.6 years, range 5.0-15.8; 7 male, 12 female) using the RETeval 6-step Light First Troland ISCEV protocol. A multilabel deep learning segmentation model (SegFormer) was trained to delineate six ocular structures: pupil, iris/limbus, corneal reflex, visible white bulbar area, electrode, and inner lens ring. Electrode position was quantified as the signed displacement vector from the corneal reflex centroid to the electrode arc-contact point (Pₑ), decomposed into horizontal (dx) and vertical (dy) components in millimeters. The iris color ratio (IC
resultsThe segmentation model achieved a mean validation Dice coefficient of 0.971 across the six classes on a held-out recording session. Infrared images (n = 271) were extracted from 19 participants (38 eyes); 67 (24.7%) satisfied all three quality-control criteria, and an electrode measurement was obtained for all 38 eyes. Vertical electrode displacement (dy) was 8.57 ± 1.81 mm (right eye) and 9.14 ± 1.89 mm (left eye; p = 0.13 between eyes); horizontal displacement (dx) was - 3.11 ± 2.42 mm and - 3.70 ± 4.74 mm, respectively (p = 0.67). Euclidean displacement (|d|) differed significantly between eyes (9.45 ± 1.63 vs 10.74 ± 2.59 mm; p = 0.004), while angular displacement did not (p = 0.81). Mask-based IC
conclusionsThis preliminary study provides an automated method for determining the position of the RETeval sensor electrode from the infrared images recorded by the device. A measure of iris darkness derived from the same segmentation is reported as a secondary technical output.
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