Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42900295›Full record

ArticleActa parasitologica2026

Seasonal Distribution and Genetic Diversity of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Giardia duodenalis in Dairy Cattle from an Intensive Farm in Inner Mongolia, China.

Yi-Yang Liu, Chun-Xue Zhao, Jun-Tao Jia, Zhen Liu, Tao Liu, Chun-Hao Zhang, Yue-Rong Lv, Shi-Yuan Xue, Yu-Lin Ding, Li Zhao and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Acta parasitologica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yi-Yang Liu *College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Chun-Xue Zhao *College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Jun-Tao JiaVocational and Technical College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Baotou, China.
Zhen LiuAgriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Ordos, Ordos, China.
Tao LiuCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Chun-Hao ZhangCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Yue-Rong LvCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Shi-Yuan XueCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Yu-Lin DingCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China. dingyulin2001@126.com.
Li ZhaoCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China. zhaolidky@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-5605
Yong-Hong LiuCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China. lyhdky@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4432-9433

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 32260887National Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia 2025MS03139Research and Innovation Team Building Special B-class Team BR251303
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeEnterocytozoon bieneusi is a microsporidium, and Giardia duodenalis is an important intestinal pathogen, both infect a wide range of hosts, including cattle. This study investigated the seasonal distribution and genetic diversity of these pathogens in dairy cattle in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.

methodsA total of 505 fecal samples were collected from an intensive dairy farm during different seasonal sampling periods in 2024. Genomic DNA was extracted, and the internal transcribed spacer region of E. bieneusi and the small subunit (SSU) rRNA, beta-giardin (bg), glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) genes of G. duodenalis were amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction and sequenced.

resultsOverall prevalence of E. bieneusi and G. duodenalis was 26.53% and 29.90%, respectively. E. bieneusi predominated in spring and winter, whereas G. duodenalis predominated in autumn and winter. The genotypes of E. bieneusi were BEB4, J, and Horse1 alongside the HHOT1-12, with genotype BEB4 being dominant. G. duodenalis assemblages were identified as A, B, and E, with assemblage E being dominant.

conclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this study reports the first systematic investigation of the seasonal distribution of E. bieneusi and G. duodenalis in cattle in Inner Mongolia, providing important baseline data for understanding their epidemiology.

Indexed as

Cattle DiseasesEnterocytozoonGenetic VariationGiardia lambliaGiardiasisMicrosporidiosisAnimalsCattleChinaDairyingDNA, FungalFarmsFecesGenotypePhylogenyPrevalenceDNA, FungalCattleEnterocytozoon bieneusiGiardia DuodenalisPrevalenceSeasonSubtype

Identifiers

PMID42900295

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.