Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42899296›Full record

ArticleJournal of global infectious diseases

Unravelling of Leptospirosis in the Humid Subtropical Climate of the Eastern Part of Northern India.

Manoj Kumar, Deepak Kumar, Sudhir Kumar Singh, Alka Shukla, Mayank Gangwar, Ranjeet Kumar Vishwakarma, Ashish R Singh, Sonam Rastogi, Akshay Kumar, Pradyot Prakash and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of global infectious diseases. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Manoj KumarDepartment of Microbiology, Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Deepak KumarDepartment of Microbiology, Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Sudhir Kumar SinghDepartment of Microbiology, Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Alka ShuklaDepartment of Microbiology, Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Mayank GangwarDepartment of Development Research, Clinical Studies and Trial Unit, ICMR, New Delhi, India.
Ranjeet Kumar VishwakarmaDepartment of Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Ashish R SinghDepartment of Microbiology, Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Sonam RastogiDepartment of Microbiology, Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Akshay KumarDepartment of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Pradyot PrakashDepartment of Microbiology, Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Gopal NathDepartment of Microbiology, Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease caused by Leptospira spirochetes and remains a significant public health concern in tropical and subtropical regions of India. The humid subtropical climate of Eastern Uttar Pradesh favors its transmission. Methods: To assess the occurrence, demographic characteristics, seasonal trends, and epidemiological distribution of leptospirosis in Eastern Uttar Pradesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2430 clinically suspected cases. Serum samples were tested for Leptospira-specific IgM antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Demographic details, occupational exposure, seasonal variation, and district-wise distribution were analyzed. Results: Of 2430 suspected cases, 550 (22.6%) were IgM positive. Gender distribution was nearly equal (49.4% males; 50.5% females). The highest prevalence was observed in males aged 11-20 years and females aged 21-40 years, with overall higher positivity in the 11-30 years age group. Seasonal peaks occurred in October among males and November among females, correlating with monsoon and post-monsoon periods. Housewives, farmers, and students showed higher positivity rates, indicating domestic and agricultural risk factors. Cases were reported from 16 districts, with the highest positivity in Deoria (33.3%), Prayagraj (31.2%), and Azamgarh (23.6%). Increased seroprevalence was noted among residents living along the River Ganga in Varanasi. Conclusion: Leptospirosis is endemic in Eastern Uttar Pradesh with significant seasonal and occupational associations. Enhanced surveillance, early diagnosis, and targeted preventive strategies are essential to reduce disease burden in this subtropical region.

Indexed as

Endemic diseasesepidemiologyleptospirosisseroprevalencetropical diseaseszoonotic disease

Identifiers

PMID42899296
PMCPMC13679957

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.