ArticleCell press blue2026
Effects of refined carbohydrates on immune markers after weight loss on a very-low-carbohydrate diet: A randomized controlled feeding trial.
Article in Cell press blue, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03394664 (Macronutrients and Body Fat Accumulation), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Macronutrients and Body Fat Accumulation: A Mechanistic Feeding Study
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study explored the effects of three diets differing in the amount and type of carbohydrates on peripheral immune markers. After a 15% weight loss with a very-low-carbohydrate diet (VLCD), participants were randomized to isocaloric diets: VLCD, high-carbohydrate diet with high starch content (HC-Starch), or high-carbohydrate diet with high sugar content (HC-Sugar). Changes in peripheral immune markers were assessed in 44 participants using multimodal analyses before randomization and after 10 weeks on the diet. In HC-Starch, cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) revealed significant shifts in proportions of circulating natural killer (NK) cells and increased activation markers in NK cells, monocytes, T cells, dendritic cells, and neutrophils. In agreement, transcriptomics showed upregulation of immune and metabolic pathways with HC-Starch but reductions with HC-Sugar. Cytokine analysis and mouse experiments suggested that increased adipsin and complement activation could underlie these changes. Following weight loss with VLCD, starch-rich diets serve as an unrecognized driver of inflammation. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03394664.
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Registered trials
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