ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2026
Nano-/Nanobiotechnology-Augmented Pyroptosis in the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: An Updated Review.
Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a breast cancer subset defined by the absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression, faces persistent clinical challenges including narrow first-line treatment choices and inferior long-term survival rates. Immune checkpoint blockade has transformed clinical management across multiple malignancies, yet unselected TNBC patients exhibit only modest and heterogeneous clinical responses. This therapeutic resistance is primarily attributed to an immune-excluded tumor microenvironment (TME) with suppressed anti-tumor immunity, the hallmark of the so-called immunologically "cold" tumor phenotype. Pyroptosis, an inflammatory programmed cell death characterized by asdermin-mediated membrane pore formation and pro-inflammatory mediator secretion, triggers potent tumor immunogenic cell death and reverses the immunosuppressive TME state. Rationally designed nanoscale delivery vehicles enable tumor-localized delivery of pyroptosis agonists, minimizing off-target activation in normal tissues; this targeted induction boosts intratumoral cytotoxic CD8
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