ArticleInternational journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease2026
Effective Connectivity and Clinical Correlates in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Article in International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Cognitive impairment is a substantial comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, the neural mechanisms underlying this association remain poorly understood. This study aimed to assess alterations in effective connectivity (EC) in patients with COPD and investigate their relationships with clinical measures. Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) was performed in 38 patients with COPD and 30 healthy controls. EC was estimated using vector autoregressive (VAR) modelling combined with Granger causality analysis across 26 prespecified brain regions of interest derived from our previous functional connectivity study of the same cohort. Between-group differences in directed connectivity were assessed using Welch's Results: At the nominal two-sided Conclusion: Resting-state VAR-based EC revealed distributed between-group differences in direction-sensitive BOLD temporal organization in COPD. Several of these EC measures were associated with pulmonary function, SpO
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