Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42898853›Full record

ArticleJCPP advances2026

The impact of nature-based education on neurodivergent adolescent mental health and wellbeing: A systematic scoping review.

Helen Eke, Suzie Holt, Helen Dodd, Faraz Mughal, Eleanor Shaw, Abigail Emma Russell

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JCPP advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Helen EkeDepartment of Public Health and Sports Science University of Exeter Medical School University of Exeter Devon UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-6683
Suzie HoltDepartment of Public Health and Sports Science University of Exeter Medical School University of Exeter Devon UK.
Helen DoddDepartment of Public Health and Sports Science University of Exeter Medical School University of Exeter Devon UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1446-5338
Faraz MughalSchool of Medicine Keele University Keele UK.
Eleanor ShawDepartment of Public Health and Sports Science University of Exeter Medical School University of Exeter Devon UK.
Abigail Emma RussellDepartment of Public Health and Sports Science University of Exeter Medical School University of Exeter Devon UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2903-6264

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Around 10% of young people have a diagnosed neurodevelopmental condition or consider themselves neurodivergent (brain function different to that considered typical). Neurodivergent young people (NYP) utilise health services more frequently than their peers and are at increased risk of mental health problems, school absenteeism and suspension. Research shows that nature benefits mental health; nature-based education (NBE) may be beneficial to NYP, providing opportunities for improved social skills, positive relationships, increased concentration and motivation outside traditional classrooms. Improved attendance, engagement with schooling, alongside improved support and social inclusion, will likely result in improved physical and mental health for NYP. This systematic scoping review aimed to provide an overview of research related to the impact of NBE on NYP mental health and wellbeing. Methods: Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Education Resources Information Centre, Education Research Complete) and supplementary grey literature were searched on 18/09/24 and 31/07/26 and reported according to the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Eligibility criteria included NYP aged 10-19 years, NBE, mental health impact, English language, from 1990 to date. Data were extracted, charted descriptively, and synthesised narratively. Results: 5767 records were screened, 97 at full text. Ten records (of nine studies) met inclusion criteria. Studies were heterogenous, small, exploratory, largely qualitative, most reported on Forest School and lacked generalisability. Mental health impact was often not the main objective and therefore not robustly captured, but all studies linked NBE to direct and indirect wellbeing benefits, including providing space and enhanced opportunities for social, cognitive, emotional, and motivational development and psychological resilience mechanisms. Conclusion: Research indicates the positive impact of NBE on mental health. Within the context of increasing nature deficit and worsening mental health for NYP, more work is needed to robustly evaluate NBE as an alternative educational model and identify key components that confer mental health benefits.

Indexed as

adolescencemental healthnature‐based educationneurodivergentpreventionSENDwellbeing

Identifiers

PMID42898853
PMCPMC13678322

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.