ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2026
Incidence and epidemiological characteristics of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Hangzhou newborns, China (2014-2024): a population-based cross-sectional study.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a rare but potentially life-threatening autosomal recessive disorder. Its incidence varies by region and ethnicity. This study aimed to evaluate the birth incidence, trends, and clinical characteristics of neonatal classic CAH in Hangzhou (2014-2024) to support regional clinical prevention and management. Methods: This retrospective population-based study collected data from Hangzhou's information systems. Classic CAH cases were identified through newborn screening and clinical follow-up to age 3, with diagnosis confirmed by pediatric endocrinologists. Incidence was calculated per 100,000 live births. Categorical variables were compared using chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Temporal trend was assessed by Poisson regression. Results: Among 1,235,815 live births, 40 CAH cases were identified, giving an incidence of 3.24/100,000. The annual incidence ranged from 0/100,000 (2020) to 6.56/100,000 (2017), with no significant temporal trend ( Conclusion: The incidence of classic CAH in Hangzhou (3.24/100,000) was lower than many global estimates. Although temporal and regional differences were not statistically significant, the predominance of SW cases, the occurrence of adrenal crises, and the presence of comorbidities (congenital heart defects, hypothyroidism, and cognitive developmental delay), highlight the need for improved early recognition, strengthened diagnostic capacity in suburban and rural areas, and long-term multidisciplinary management.
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