Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42898436›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Alpha-galactosylceramide as mRNA vaccine adjuvant modulates cellular immunity against tuberculosis and contributes to antigen-specific lung-associated T cells with a TRM-associated phenotype following prime-pull strategy.

Ilke Aernout, Thomas Ehouarne, Kevin Mwangi, Kia C Ferrell, Margo De Velder, Janne Swinnen, Aaron Verplancke, Laura Van Moortel, Margaux De Meyer, Patrick Willems and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Ilke AernoutLaboratory of Physical Pharmacy and General Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Thomas EhouarneLaboratory of Physical Pharmacy and General Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Kevin MwangiLaboratory of Physical Pharmacy and General Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Kia C FerrellImmunobiology and Therapy Unit, Inserm U1224, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Margo De VelderLaboratory of Physical Pharmacy and General Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Janne SwinnenLaboratory of Physical Pharmacy and General Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Aaron VerplanckeLaboratory of Physical Pharmacy and General Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Laura Van MoortelDepartment of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Margaux De MeyerDepartment of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Patrick WillemsDepartment of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Lorenzo FranceschiniTranslational Oncology Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
Karine BreckpotTranslational Oncology Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
Stefaan C De SmedtLaboratory of Physical Pharmacy and General Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Francis ImpensDepartment of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Caroline DemangelImmunobiology and Therapy Unit, Inserm U1224, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Rein Verbeke *Laboratory of Physical Pharmacy and General Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Ine Lentacker *Laboratory of Physical Pharmacy and General Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

Funding

European Union’s Horizon Europe research and from the Horizon Europe Project BAXERNA 2.0 101080544FWO postdoctoral fellowship 1258926NFWO-V 1S40925N, 1S90226N, 1S02725N, 1SH7P24NGhent University BOF/STA/202209/011Ghent University Concerted Research Action BOF21/GOA/033
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent worldwide, highlighting the need for improved vaccines beyond the limited protection currently provided by the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. Here we investigated the immunological impact of incorporating alpha-Galactosylceramide (αGC) into mRNA lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNPs) as a vaccination strategy against

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicGalactosylceramidesImmunity, CellularLungmRNA VaccinesMycobacterium tuberculosisTuberculosisTuberculosis VaccinesAcyltransferasesAnimalsAntigens, BacterialBacterial ProteinsFemaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLPhenotypeAcyltransferasesAdjuvants, Immunologicalpha-galactosylceramideantigen 85B, Mycobacterium tuberculosisAntigens, BacterialBacterial ProteinsESAT-6 protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosisGalactosylceramidesmRNA VaccinesTuberculosis VaccinesadjuvantsmRNA vaccineMycobacterium tuberculosisprime-pull strategyT cells with TRM-associated phenotype

Identifiers

PMID42898436
PMCPMC13677840

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.