ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Development and temporal validation of a nomogram for estimating the risk of malignancy in surgically managed adnexal masses after hysterectomy.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Adnexal masses discovered after hysterectomy are common, but the proportion that is malignant is low, and existing risk-stratification systems such as O-RADS were not developed or validated in this population. We aimed to develop and temporally validate a nomogram estimating the probability of malignancy among patients who have already been selected for surgical management of a post-hysterectomy adnexal mass. Methods: We retrospectively studied consecutive patients who underwent re-operation for an adnexal mass after prior benign hysterectomy at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital between January 2010 and October 2025. Patients operated from January 2010 to September 2023 formed the development cohort ( Results: The seven-variable nomogram comprises age (per 10 years), BMI (per 10 kg/m Conclusion: We present a parsimonious nomogram that estimates malignancy risk in post-hysterectomy adnexal masses among patients already selected for surgery, with internal and temporal validation. Because all participants underwent surgery, the model cannot be used to justify non-operative management; independent external and prospective validation in unselected cohorts is required before any clinical implementation.
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