Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42898191›Full record

ArticleCerebral circulation - cognition and behavior2026

Air pollution, neighbourhood walkability and cerebrovascular small vessel disease in patients with cardiovascular disorders along the heart-brain axis.

Ina Rissanen, Erik J Timmermans, Jeroen de Bresser, Esther E Bron, Anna E Leeuwis, Majon Muller, Matthias J P van Osch, Betty M Tijms, Geert Jan Biessels, Ilonca Vaartjes and 1 more

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Article in Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Ina RissanenJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Erik J TimmermansJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Jeroen de BresserDepartment of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Esther E BronDepartment of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Anna E LeeuwisAlzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Majon MullerAlzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Matthias J P van OschDepartment of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Betty M TijmsAlzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Geert Jan BiesselsDepartment of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Ilonca VaartjesJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Heart-Brain Connection Consortium

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: We investigated if ambient air pollution and neighbourhood walkability associate with presence and progression of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) in patients with cardiovascular disorders along the heart-brain axis. Methods: Data from patients with heart failure, carotid occlusive disease, or vascular cognitive impairment (30% women; mean age 69.0 years) of the Heart-Brain Connection study were used. Brain parenchymal fraction (BPF), white matter hyperintensity fraction (WMH), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and incident vascular lesions were assessed with 3T brain MRI at baseline (n = 300) and at two years follow-up (n = 181). Incident clinical cerebrovascular events were assessed with questionnaires and telephone interviews up to five years. Annual residential nitrogen dioxide (NO Results: At baseline, no association was found between NO Conclusion: Although air pollution and neighbourhood walkability were not strongly associated with CSVD progression, stroke, or mortality, higher walkability appeared to modestly attenuate age-related increases in WMH.

Indexed as

Carotid occlusive diseaseCerebrovascular diseaseHeart failureNitrogen dioxideVascular cognitive impairment

Identifiers

PMID42898191
PMCPMC13677411

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.