ArticleAnnals of medicine2026
Association between triglyceride glucose-waist height ratio index and incident thyroid nodules: a prospective cohort study.
Article in Annals of medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInsulin resistance is associated with thyroid nodule formation. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a widely recognized surrogate for insulin resistance, and its clinical value increases when integrated with adiposity indices. We tested whether an elevated triglyceride glucose-waist height ratio (TyG-WHtR) is independently associated with incident thyroid nodules.
methodsThis prospective cohort study recruited 65,347 participants between January and December 2021, with follow-up surveys conducted between January and December 2025. We examined associations of baseline and cumulative TyG-WHtR quartiles with thyroid nodule occurrence using multivariable binary logistic regression. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) models tested nonlinear trends in the association between thyroid nodules and TyG-WHtR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to compare the area under the curve (AUC) across four metabolic metrics: baseline TyG, WHtR, TyG-WHtR, as well as cumulative TyG-WHtR, with thyroid nodule status as the outcome. We also conducted subgroup and sensitivity analyses, which collectively confirmed the robustness of our observed associations.
resultsDuring a mean follow-up of 4.08 ± 0.27 years, 4,029 participants (15.8%) were diagnosed with thyroid nodules by 2025. In fully adjusted models, the highest versus lowest quartile of baseline TyG-WHtR showed an OR of 1.57 (95% CI: 1.22-2.02), and cumulative TyG-WHtR yielded an OR of 1.57 (95% CI: 1.25-1.96). Each 1-SD increment in baseline and cumulative TyG-WHtR corresponded to ORs of 1.15 (1.05-1.26) and 1.17 (1.07-1.27), respectively. RCS analyses confirmed linear dose-response relationships for both (P for nonlinearity > 0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that cumulative TyG-WHtR had the highest AUC (0.539) for thyroid nodules.
conclusionsTyG-WHtR is independently associated with thyroid nodule risk, with cumulative TyG-WHtR showing a stronger association than baseline TyG-WHtR. Maintaining favorable TyG and waist circumference levels over time may reduce thyroid nodule risk in this Chinese population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.