ArticleStem cell research & therapy2026
Administration of injectable platelet-rich fibrin improved repair of thin endometrium via mitochondria in a rat model.
Article in Stem cell research & therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThin endometrium(TE) has been widely recognized as a critical factor contributing to reduced success rates of assisted reproductive technology (ART). In recent years, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been extensively employed in the treatment of thin endometrium; however, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, and its clinical efficacy remains controversial. Given the superior therapeutic outcomes demonstrated by platelet concentrates (PCs) in regenerative medicine, the present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential and mechanistic basis of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in an ethanol‑induced rat model of thin endometrium.
methodsi-PRF was prepared from human blood and characterized for growth factor release and microstructure. Rats were divided into control, Model, Ethanol + NS, and Ethanol+i-PRF groups.Endometrial morphology was assessed by H&E and immunohistochemistry. Receptivity was evaluated by LIF/VEGF expression and embryo implantation counts. In vitro, endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) were co-cultured with platelets, and mitochondrial transfer was tracked using MitoTracker
resultsi-PRF released VEGF-A, TGF-β1, and PDGF-AB for up to 15 days (peak at 7 days), with a dense fibrin network entrapping abundant platelets. Ethanol injection significantly reduced endometrial thickness from 409.27 ± 55.86 μm to 104.48 ± 57.03 μm and decreased gland number from 22.4 ± 4.34 to 9.2 ± 3.77 (both p < 0.05).Administration of i-PRF reversed these pathological changes, restoring endometrial thickness to 464.11 ± 27.1 μm and gland count to 29.0 ± 9.41 (*p* < 0.05 vs. model). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that i-PRF treatment increased the abundance of vimentin⁺,cytokeratin 18⁺ (CK-18⁺) and ki-67
conclusionsi-PRF effectively repairs thin endometrium in a rat model, and mitochondrial transfer from platelets to ESCs plays a key role in promoting endometrial regeneration. These findings support i-PRF as a promising therapy for TE.
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