ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2026
Comparison of the Effects of Human Amniotic Fluid-Derived Cell Culture Medium and Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells on Capsule Formation Around Silicone Prosthesis.
Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPeri-implant capsule formation is a physiological response to implanted biomaterials; however, excessive fibrotic reactions may contribute to capsular contracture and implant-related complications. Human amniotic fluid-derived cell culture medium (ACCM) and adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties in experimental models. This study investigated the individual and combined effects of ACCM and ADSCs on peri-implant capsule formation in a preclinical rat model.
objectivesTo determine whether the combined application of ACCM and ADSCs modulates inflammatory, oxidative, and fibrotic responses associated with peri-implant capsule formation more effectively than either treatment alone.
methodsTwenty-six female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups: control, ACCM, ADSC, and Combined (ACCM + ADSC). Silicone implants were surgically placed in a dorsal subcutaneous pocket. Histological, biochemical, and gene expression analyses were performed to evaluate inflammatory response, oxidative stress parameters, extracellular matrix remodeling, and myofibroblast density. Cytokines and extracellular matrix-related enzymes were measured in both serum and peri-implant tissue samples.
resultsThe combined ACCM + ADSC group demonstrated significantly reduced inflammatory and oxidative stress markers compared with the control and single-treatment groups. Histological evaluation showed decreased α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunoreactivity, indicating lower myofibroblast density and reduced fibrotic activity in the peri-implant capsule. Biochemical and molecular findings further supported the anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects of the combined treatment.
conclusionsCombined treatment with ACCM and ADSCs may modulate early biological processes involved in peri-implant capsule formation by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrotic activity. These findings suggest that this combination therapy may represent a promising experimental strategy for improving implant biocompatibility. Further long-term experimental and clinical studies are required to evaluate its potential role in preventing capsular contracture. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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