Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42897160›Full record

ArticleTranslational psychiatry2026

Dynamic gene expression signatures predict psychotherapy response in PTSD.

Changxin Xu, Heather N Bader, Janine D Flory, Linda M Bierer, Mitali Chattopadhyay, Frank Desarnaud, Ruoting Yang, Amy Lehrner, Iouri Makotkine, Rachel Yehuda

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Translational psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Changxin XuJames J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-3171-6093
Heather N BaderJames J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-0640-9822
Janine D FloryJames J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9288-2068
Linda M BiererJames J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
Mitali ChattopadhyayJames J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
Frank DesarnaudJames J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3800-4010
Ruoting YangIntegrative Systems Biology Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Amy LehrnerJames J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
Iouri MakotkineJames J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
Rachel YehudaJames J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA. Rachel.Yehuda@mssm.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8307-677X

Funding

CSRD VA I01 CX001219United States Department of Defense | United States Army | Army Medical Command | Medical Research and Materiel Command (U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command) W81XWH-16-1-0773U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (Department of Veterans Affairs) 5I01CX001219-02
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Static blood-based biomarkers provide limited insight into psychiatric illness and recovery, largely because they capture only a single, unperturbed snapshot of inherently dynamic biological systems. In this study, we applied a dynamic, longitudinal dual-state approach to characterize peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) transcriptional trajectories associated with psychotherapy outcomes in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PBMC transcriptional profiles were generated for veterans with PTSD (n = 46, 21, and 17, respectively) and controls (n = 26, 26, and 23) at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up. The PTSD cohort with profiles across all three timepoints was divided into responders (n = 6) and non-responders (n = 11) based on their Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) trajectories. All subjects were profiled in both unstimulated and dexamethasone-stimulated states. At pre-treatment, unstimulated responders and non-responders exhibited pronounced transcriptional differences exceeding those observed between PTSD and controls. Longitudinally, unstimulated responders showed a marked shift toward control-like profiles, whereas non-responders retained persistent divergence. Pathway analyses identified a prominent temporal signal within Class C/3 G-protein-coupled receptor pathways driven largely by bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs), along with subgroup-specific regulation of GABAB, opioid, and NMDA receptor signaling. Dexamethasone-induced responses further differentiated subgroups and showed opposing associations with recovery trajectories, implicating glucocorticoid sensitivity as a potential predictor of treatment outcomes. These findings indicate that biological responsiveness itself constitutes a measurable phenotype of recovery, and that dynamic functional profiling of living immune cells can reveal clinically relevant trajectories and candidate mechanisms not accessible through static biomarkers.

Indexed as

PsychotherapyStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticTranscriptomeAdultBiomarkersFemaleGene Expression ProfilingHumansLeukocytes, MononuclearLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedTreatment Effect HeterogeneityTreatment OutcomeVeteransBiomarkers

Identifiers

PMID42897160
PMCPMC13680502

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.