ArticleCancer medicine2026
Gene Therapy for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Using the JC Polyomavirus (JCPyV) Virus-Like Particles as a Gene Delivery Vector.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSystemic metastasis remains the leading cause of mortality in patients with advanced prostate cancer, particularly in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), for which effective systemic therapeutic options are limited. Gene therapy is a potential strategy for achieving selective tumor targeting and systemic disease control in metastatic settings. This study aimed to establish a systemic metastasis animal model for CRPC and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) virus-like particle (VLPs)-based gene therapy against metastatic disease.
methodsA near-infrared fluorescent protein (iRFP)-expressing CRPC cell line was used to establish a systemic metastasis model by tail-vein injection in mice. The therapeutic efficacy of JCPyV VLPs carrying a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) promoter-driven suicide gene (PSAtk-VLPs), administered in combination with ganciclovir (GCV), was evaluated longitudinally by fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT), with enzalutamide/leuprorelin acetate (ENZ/LEU) included as a clinical treatment comparator.
resultsCRPC metastases in the lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, and bones were detected by FMT in real time. Control mice exhibited exponential CRPC growth, whereas ENZ/LEU treatment delayed CRPC progression. PSAtk-VLPs/GCV significantly inhibited the growth of metastatic CRPC. However, no significant differences in survival were observed among the MOCK, ENZ/LEU, and PSAtk-VLP/GCV groups (log-rank test, p = 0.7351).
conclusionThese findings support that JCPyV-derived virus-like particles constitute a promising therapeutic approach for metastatic CRPC, enabling systemic delivery of suicide gene therapy with selective inhibition of tumor growth and translational relevance.
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