Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42893313›Full record

ArticleSpine surgery and related research2026

Neurological Recovery Trajectories in Older Patients with Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Multicenter Longitudinal Study.

Ryosuke Hirota, Yoshinori Terashima, Makoto Emori, Atsushi Teramoto, Noriaki Yokogawa, Takeshi Sasagawa, Hiroaki Nakashima, Naoki Segi, Sadayuki Ito, Toru Funayama and 41 more

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Article in Spine surgery and related research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

51 authors.

Ryosuke HirotaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
Yoshinori TerashimaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
Makoto EmoriDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
Atsushi TeramotoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
Noriaki YokogawaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Takeshi SasagawaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Hiroaki NakashimaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
Naoki SegiDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
Sadayuki ItoDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
Toru FunayamaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
Fumihiko EtoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
Akihiro YamajiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ibaraki Seinan Medical Center Hospital, Sashima, Japan.
Kota WatanabeDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Satoshi NoriDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Kazuki TakedaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Takeo FuruyaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Atsushi YundeDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Hideaki NakajimaDepartment of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan.
Tomohiro YamadaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu City, Japan.
Tomohiko HasegawaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu City, Japan.
Hidenori SuzukiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube City, Japan.
Yasuaki ImajoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube City, Japan.
Shota IkegamiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
Masashi UeharaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
Hitoshi TonomuraDepartment of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Munehiro SakataDepartment of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Ko HashimotoDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Yoshito OnodaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Nobuyuki SuzukiDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
Kenji KatoDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
Hiroshi UeiDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Hirokatsu SawadaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Kazuo NakanishiDepartment of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spine Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.
Kosuke MisakiDepartment of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spine Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.
Hidetomi TeraiDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Koji TamaiDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Akiyoshi KurodaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
Gen InoueDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
Yoichi IizukaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
Eiji TakasawaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
Koji AkedaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu City, Japan.
Norihiko TakegamiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu City, Japan.
Haruki FunaoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan.
Yasushi OshimaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Takashi KaitoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Daisuke SakaiDepartment of Orthopedics Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.
Toshitaka YoshiiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Shoji SekiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
Seiji OkadaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Shiro ImagamaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
Satoshi KatoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to characterize neurological recovery trajectories in patients with cervical spinal cord injury, aged ≥65 years. Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study used registry data from the Japan Association of Spine Surgeons with Ambition. Patients aged ≥65 years with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury and complete International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury motor score data at baseline, 6 weeks, and 6 months post-injury, were included (n=222). Neurological assessments included total, upper extremity, and lower extremity motor scores; the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) and motor zone of partial preservation. Motor recovery and AIS conversion were analyzed based on baseline and 6-week AIS grades. Results: Motor recovery occurred predominantly within the first 6 weeks after injury. From baseline to 6 weeks, patients with baseline AIS B and C exhibited significantly greater improvement in total motor score than those with AIS A and D. From 6 weeks to 6 months, measurable recovery persisted in patients with AIS C at 6 weeks, whereas those with AIS A or B demonstrated minimal additional gains. AIS conversion followed a similar pattern: 38.5%, 63.6%, and 82.7% among patients with baseline AIS A, B, and C, respectively, which improved by 6 weeks, whereas conversions beyond 6 weeks were uncommon. Among patients who remained AIS A or B at 6 months, motor zone of partial preservation extension occurred almost exclusively within the first 6 weeks. Conclusions: In older patients with cervical spinal cord injury, most neurological recovery under routine clinical practice occurs within the first 6 weeks after injury. The magnitude of motor recovery and AIS conversion in this cohort was comparable to outcomes reported in age-unrestricted populations, suggesting that meaningful early neurological recovery can be observed even in older patients and highlighting the importance of early neurological assessment.

Indexed as

American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scalecervical spinal cord injurygeriatric spinal cord injurymotor functionneurological recovery

Identifiers

PMID42893313
PMCPMC13676361

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.