Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42893266›Full record

ArticleInfection prevention in practice2026

Effect of animation-based edutainment compared with pamphlet-based education on hand hygiene and HAI prevention among surgical patients: a quasi-experimental study.

Raziyeh Ghafouri, Zahra Azizi, Zeinab Asghari

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection prevention in practice, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Raziyeh GhafouriDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Zahra AziziTaleghani Hospital Research Development Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Zeinab AsghariTaleghani Hospital Research Development Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are among the most common and serious complications in healthcare settings. Engaging patients in infection prevention through effective educational interventions is a key strategy for reducing the risk of HAIs. This study aimed to compare the effects of animation-based edutainment and pamphlet-based education on hand hygiene practices and HAI prevention among surgical patients. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 170 surgical patients aged 18-65 years who met the inclusion criteria. Exclusion criteria were refusal to continue the study or inability to access the animated content on the smartphone. To prevent contamination between groups, the Pamphlet group was sampled first, followed by the animation group. Educational content delivered in two formats: pamphlets and animation. Results: The paired Conclusion: Educational interventions using pamphlets and animation effectively improve hand hygiene practices and awareness of infection prevention among surgical patients. Animation-based education may reduce the risk of HAIs in surgical settings, potentially by enhancing patients' motivation, engagement, and willingness to learn.

Indexed as

Edutainment-based educationHand hygieneHealthcare-associated infectionsInfection prevention

Identifiers

PMID42893266
PMCPMC13676204

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.