Education Research: Career, Research, and Mentorship Outcomes of an International Neuroimmunology Education Exchange Program.

Background and Objectives: Subspecialty exchange programs in neuroimmunology are scarce and have not been formally evaluated. We assessed participant-reported outcomes of the Neuroimmunology Exchange Scholarship Program (PROBEN), a 1-month immersive placement sponsored by the Brazilian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis, covering career trajectory, research engagement, and mentorship. Methods: Cross-sectional online survey of all 39 Brazilian neurology residents, fellows, and early-career neurologists who completed a PROBEN placement during the 3 most recent cycles (2023-2025) at 13 host centers (9 in Brazil, 4 abroad); 30 responded (77%). Outcomes were compared by career stage at placement (early career, residents or general neurologists, vs later stage, neuroimmunology fellows or neuroimmunologists) and by location (national vs international), using the Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square (Yates correction), and Fisher exact tests. Analyses were exploratory and unadjusted for multiple comparisons. Results: The mean age was 30 years (range 26-38); 18 respondents (60%) were early career and 18 (60%) trained at national centers. Satisfaction was high (17 of 30 [57%] excellent), all 30 would recommend the program, and 18 of 29 (62%, 95% CI 44-77) reported that it influenced their decision to continue in neuroimmunology, with no difference by location ( Discussion: Participants in this 1-month neuroimmunology exchange reported sustained subspecialty interest, ongoing mentorship, and academic engagement. Later career stage and international placement were associated with greater academic engagement in this cohort. Because participants were competitively selected and largely self-selected into placement location, these associations should not be read as causal effects of the program.