ArticleAesthetic surgery journal. Open forum2026
The Portrayal of Periocular Aging Changes in Renaissance Art: A Case-Control Study to Compare Northern vs Southern Schools of Art.
Article in Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The 15th and 16th centuries in Europe were marked by a resurgence of focus on the arts and humanities and hearkened back to ancient cultures with new allusions and influences. This period was called the Renaissance, and although the Renaissance is often thought of as an Italian phenomenon, the entirety of Europe experienced a parallel shift marked by varying characteristics. In comparison, Italy's and Northern Europe's Renaissances differ in their approach to the newly burgeoning sense of representation in the art world. Although the Italian Renaissance focused on idealized subject matter and subjects that veered away from classic religious concepts, the Northern Renaissance explored altarpieces and realistic daily portraits of everyday life. The aim of this study was to ascertain which among Northern and European Schools of Renaissance Art had a more realistic depiction of facial aging by employing scientific grading systems to objectively measure various periocular signs of aging. An age-matched case-control study was conducted at a tertiary eye care institute in collaboration with an art historian. Twenty paintings of each school of art were studied and graded for dermatochalasis and tear trough-eyelid bag complex, and 2 schools were compared. Dermatochalasis (
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