ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Africa2026
Treatment outcomes and post-treatment mortality among people with multidrug/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Sierra Leone: a national cohort study.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Africa, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Evidence on biosocial factors driving adverse outcomes in multidrug/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) can inform design of person-centred interventions. We evaluated treatment outcomes, post-treatment mortality, and their associated risk factors among people with multidrug/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) in Sierra Leone. Methods: We did a national cohort study of people with MDR/RR-TB in Lakka Hospital, Freetown, 2017-2022. Treatment was with WHO-recommended short (9-11 month) or long (18-24 month) regimens, with adverse treatment outcome (death or loss to follow-up before or during treatment, or treatment failure) following WHO definitions. Participants with treatment success had 12-months follow-up to ascertain post-treatment mortality. We used directed acyclical graph-informed logistic regression to investigate biosocial factors associated with adverse treatment outcome and post-treatment mortality. Findings: We recruited 739 people with MDR/RR-TB, median age 34-years (IQR: 25-45), 70% (517/739) male and 22% (160/734) HIV-positive. 22% (161/739) had adverse treatment outcome, with 18% (134/739) dying before or during treatment. Adverse treatment outcome was associated with age ≥45-years versus 25-44-years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.9; 95% confidence interval: 1.1-3.2); unemployment (aOR = 2.9; 1.8-4.8); HIV (aOR = 1.8; 1.1-2.7); chronic lung disease (aOR = 1.7; 1.0-2.9); renal impairment (aOR = 4.8; 1.8-12.9); underweight (aOR = 1.6; 1.1-2.4); and long regimen (aOR = 2.0; 1.3-3.2). Among those with treatment success, 9.9% (57/578) had post-treatment mortality. This was associated with HIV (aOR = 2.0, 1.0-3.9), smoking (aOR = 2.7, 1.3-5.5), chronic lung disease (aOR = 2.2, 1.1-4.7), previous loss-to-follow-up (aOR = 3.1, 1.1-8.7) and severe TB on their original chest radiography (aOR = 2.4, 1.2-4.5). Interpretation: Adverse outcomes, including death after treatment success, were common among people with MDR/RR-TB in Sierra Leone and associated with modifiable risk factors, highlighting the urgent need for holistic, person-centred biosocial interventions for people with MDR/RR-TB throughout and beyond treatment. Funding: Medical Research Council-MR/Y503216/1; Medical Research Foundation-MRF-131-0006-RG-KHOS-C0942.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.