Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42890504›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in oncology2026

Emerging innovative immunotherapies in malignant ascites: current landscape, challenges and perspectives.

Xian Liu, Xiaobo Peng, Xiaoxiao Wu, Yue Wu, Tong Yin, Jingyu Liu, Huawei Xu, Xianbao Zhan

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Xian Liu *Department of Oncology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Xiaobo Peng *Department of Oncology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Xiaoxiao Wu *Department of Oncology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Yue WuDepartment of Oncology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Tong YinDepartment of Oncology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Jingyu LiuDepartment of Oncology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Huawei XuDepartment of Oncology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Xianbao ZhanDepartment of Oncology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Malignant ascites is a common, severe complication of advanced solid tumors, driven by multifactorial pathogenesis, including impaired lymphatic drainage, vascular endothelial growth factor-induced vascular hyperpermeability, pro-permeability inflammatory cytokines, and profound peritoneal immunosuppression. Clinically, it correlates with poor prognosis, reduced overall survival, and substantial quality-of-life deterioration. Current treatment remains predominantly palliative: repeated large-volume paracentesis offers transient symptom relief, fails to prevent reaccumulation, and carries procedural risks. Emerging evidence indicates malignant ascites is not merely passive fluid accumulation but an active, immunosuppressive niche shaped by bidirectional crosstalk among tumor cells, stromal components, diverse immune subsets (e.g., regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dysfunctional CD8

Indexed as

cancer vaccinesimmune checkpoint inhibitorsmalignant ascitesoncolytic virusesT-cell engagers

Identifiers

PMID42890504
PMCPMC13673327

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.