Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42890230›Full record

ArticleJournal of graduate medical education2026

A Community-Based Health Care Disparities Curriculum: Perceptions From Multispecialty Residents, Community Partners, and Program Directors.

Jessica L De Santis, Anne L Castro, Christopher Simenz, Stacy L Fairbanks, Michael Malinowski, M Tracy Zundel, David Nelson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of graduate medical education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jessica L De Santisis an Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9876-3123
Anne L Castrois an Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0567-4640
Christopher Simenzis an Associate Professor, Institute for Health & Humanity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5008-8498
Stacy L Fairbanksis Medical Director of Obstetrical Anesthesia, Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Michael Malinowskiis a Professor, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5429-6562
M Tracy Zundelis an Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7870-1144
David Nelsonis a Professor, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7718-4547

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Graduate medical education (GME) focuses predominantly on clinical practice, and some specialties lack effective models for in-depth health care disparities (HCD) education, even though it is required. Objective: We describe the perspectives and feasibility data of residents, program directors, and community partners across multiple specialties at the Medical College of Wisconsin regarding a community-based HCD curriculum that integrates community outreach with discussion-based educational sessions. Methods: In academic years 2022-2023 and 2023-2024, first-year residents from 5 and 8 specialties participated in 2 half-day community outreach sessions and 3 half-day educational sessions. Residents (n=99), program directors (n=16), and community partners (n=5) were surveyed for perceptions of and satisfaction with the curriculum. Resident responses to survey questions were aggregated into topic areas. Faculty time, community partner donations, speaker fees, and average cost per resident for food and transportation were calculated for feasibility. Results: Residents (99 of 129, 77%) reported overall satisfaction with educational sessions (median, 8; IQR, 6-10; 66% survey participation) and outreach experiences (median, 10; IQR, 8-10; 68% survey participation). Program directors (16 of 16, 100% survey participation; median, 9; IQR, 7-10) and community partners (5 of 5, 100% survey participation; median, 10; IQR, 10-10) reported overall satisfaction with the curriculum. Program directors reported satisfaction with logistics (median, 8; IQR, 7-9) and community partners with hosting residents (median, 10; IQR, 10-10). Costs averaged $9 per resident per educational session, and $38 per resident per outreach experience. Faculty time commitment averaged 32 hours per academic year. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that integrating community engagement into HCD education in residency is feasible and well-received by residents, program leadership, and community partners.

Indexed as

Community-Institutional RelationsCurriculumEducation, Medical, GraduateHealthcare DisparitiesInternship and ResidencyAttitude of Health PersonnelFeasibility StudiesHumansSurveys and QuestionnairesWisconsin

Identifiers

PMID42890230
PMCPMC13671128

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.