ArticleBJUI compass2026
NEITHER study: NICE versus EAU inconsistent triage, expenses and reliability in non-high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer surveillance.
Article in BJUI compass, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to quantify discrepancies in non-high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) stratification between the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines, compare discriminative performance for predicting recurrence, estimate potentially missed recurrences under shorter surveillance and calculate per-patient surveillance costs. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) at a UK tertiary centre (2018-2020). Patients with low- or intermediate-risk NMIBC who completed 5-year follow-up or experienced recurrence were included. Each patient was stratified according to both NICE and EAU (WHO 1973) guidelines. Outcomes included recurrence rate, discriminative accuracy (Harrell's C-index), proportion of recurrences occurring beyond NICE discharge timepoints and surveillance cost based on NHS reference prices. Results: Of the 158 eligible patients (78% male; mean age 68 years), 40% were assigned different risk categories depending on guideline applied. NICE classified significantly more patients as low risk than EAU (31.1% vs. 12.7%; Conclusions: NICE can reduce cost with comparable discrimination efficiency to EAU guidelines, but risks missed recurrences; a hybrid NICE-EAU approach may offer the optimal balance.
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