ArticleFrontiers in digital health2026
Harmonizing Vietnamese traditional and western medicine: a digital health blueprint and the IMKE architectural framework.
Article in Frontiers in digital health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The concurrent use of traditional and Western medicine is a global healthcare reality. In countries like Vietnam, dual-paradigm clinical guidelines actively mandate integrated treatments for high-prevalence chronic diseases. However, safe integration at the point of care is severely hindered by data fragmentation, profound epistemological differences, and a critical "shadow pharmacovigilance" crisis regarding underreported herb-drug interactions (HDIs). This paper analyzes the state-of-the-art of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in integrative healthcare and proposes the Integrative Medicine Knowledge Engine (IMKE), a novel architectural blueprint designed to safely bridge Vietnamese traditional medicine (VTM) and Western biomedicine. Shifting from siloed technical models to a clinical-first perspective, the IMKE conceptualizes a three-stage digital health pipeline: (1) advanced medical text mining to digitize unstructured traditional practitioner notes; (2) an Integrative Knowledge Graph (IKG) that maps holistic VTM diagnostic patterns to Western pharmacological databases and ICD-10 standards; and (3) an AI-driven Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) for proactive HDI safety monitoring. We illustrate this architectural data flow through three clinical scenarios-Essential Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes, and Rheumatoid Arthritis. These scenarios demonstrate the system's theoretical capacity to retrieve culturally appropriate treatments, identify cross-paradigm therapeutic synergies, and generate explainable, mechanistic safety alerts that augment physician judgment while mitigating clinical alert fatigue. Ultimately, the IMKE framework provides a scalable, culturally inclusive roadmap for digital health. By translating centuries of experiential medical wisdom into an interoperable, computationally safeguarded infrastructure, this blueprint sets the foundation for evidence-based integrative care, future retrospective clinical validation, and enhanced patient safety.
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