ArticleMedicine2026
Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and physical frailty with cardiovascular health in US adults: A cross-sectional study.
Article in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Evidence on the association between cardiovascular health (CVH) and frailty remains limited, and the role of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in this relationship is not fully understood. This study aimed to examine the association between frailty and CVH and to investigate the independent association of serum 25(OH)D and its potential interaction with frailty. This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007 to 2018, including 8015 adults aged ≥20 years. Frailty was assessed using a frailty index, and CVH was evaluated based on the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 metrics. Multinomial logistic regression models accounting for the complex survey design were applied to assess associations. Frailty was highly prevalent in the study population. After multivariable adjustment, higher frailty levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of poor CVH in a graded manner. Serum 25(OH)D levels were independently and inversely associated with poor CVH. Stratified analyses showed that the association between frailty and CVH varied by sex and 25(OH)D status. However, no statistically significant multiplicative interaction between frailty and serum 25(OH)D levels was observed. Frailty was significantly associated with poorer CVH in US adults, demonstrating a clear dose-response relationship. Serum 25(OH)D levels were independently associated with CVH, whereas no statistically significant multiplicative interaction between frailty and serum 25(OH)D was observed. These findings highlight the importance of addressing multiple modifiable risk factors to improve CVH.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.