ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2026
Combined antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of an Ag-CeO₂/MgAl-LDH nanocomposite-nanoemulsion formulation against multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium.
Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterococcus faecium has created an urgent need for alternative antimicrobial strategies capable of overcoming conventional antibiotic resistance and inhibiting biofilm formation. In the present study, the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of an Ag-CeO₂/MgAl-LDH nanocomposite, a sunflower oil-based nanoemulsion, and their combined formulation were evaluated against both a clinical MDR isolate and the reference strain E. faecium MCC 2763. The prepared formulations were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential analysis, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Antibacterial activity was assessed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), time-kill kinetics, impedance-based growth monitoring, bacterial adherence assays, and biofilm inhibition studies. The combined nanocomposite-nanoemulsion formulation showed greater antibacterial and antibiofilm activity than the individual formulations under the experimental conditions evaluated. Time-kill and biofilm assays indicated improved inhibition of bacterial growth and biofilm formation, while impedance measurements further supported the antibacterial activity of the combined formulation. Although the present findings demonstrate the promising antibacterial potential of the developed formulation, formal synergy analysis, cytotoxicity evaluation, advanced physicochemical characterization, and mechanistic investigations were beyond the scope of this study. These investigations will be essential in future work to further evaluate the therapeutic potential of this formulation. Overall, the developed Ag-CeO₂/MgAl-LDH nanocomposite-nanoemulsion formulation represents a promising antibacterial platform for combating multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium and warrants further investigation through comprehensive preclinical evaluation.
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