Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42885483›Full record

ArticleFuture science OA2026

Evaluation of the impact of virtual reality as a non-pharmacological intervention for pain and anxiety during hematology procedures and chemotherapy: a controlled trial.

Yesmine Amara, Lobna Ben Mahmoud, Mariam Ammar, Khaled Zghal, Ahmed Hakim, Moez Elloumi, Moez Mdhaffar, Imen Frikha

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Future science OA, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07085065 (Virtual Reality to Reduce Pain and Anxiety in Hematological Cancer Patients Undergoing Invasive Procedures), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07085065 narecruitingnot on this map

Virtual Reality to Reduce Pain and Anxiety in Hematological Cancer Patients Undergoing Invasive Procedures: Protocol for a Crossover Clinical Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorYesmine AmaraRan2024 to 2025Enrolled365ConditionsPain Management, Anxiety, Procedures, Hematological NeoplasmsArmsVR session
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yesmine AmaraDepartment of Clinical Hematology, Hedi Chaker Hospital of Sfax. University of Sfax, Tunisia.ORCID 0009-0001-9479-9524
Lobna Ben MahmoudResearch Laboratory: LR19ES10 "Acute Medicine, Pharmacology, and Toxicology of Xenobiotics," Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.ORCID 0000-0002-4499-9720
Mariam AmmarResearch Laboratory: LR19ES10 "Acute Medicine, Pharmacology, and Toxicology of Xenobiotics," Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.ORCID 0000-0001-8830-6837
Khaled ZghalResearch Laboratory: LR19ES10 "Acute Medicine, Pharmacology, and Toxicology of Xenobiotics," Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Ahmed HakimResearch Laboratory: LR19ES10 "Acute Medicine, Pharmacology, and Toxicology of Xenobiotics," Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Moez ElloumiDepartment of Clinical Hematology, Hedi Chaker Hospital of Sfax. University of Sfax, Tunisia.
Moez MdhaffarDepartment of Clinical Hematology, Hedi Chaker Hospital of Sfax. University of Sfax, Tunisia.ORCID 0000-0002-1473-1360
Imen FrikhaDepartment of Clinical Hematology, Hedi Chaker Hospital of Sfax. University of Sfax, Tunisia.ORCID 0000-0003-0400-7333

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimThis study aims to assess the efficacy of Virtual Reality (VR) during painful procedures and chemotherapy (CT) in reducing pain and anxiety for patients with hematologic malignancies. MATERIALS AND

methodsA crossover design with an external control group was carried out. Participants were assigned to two groups: an intervention group, with a crossover design (n patients/procedures = 112), where patients underwent the procedure with standard care only, followed by washout period, then underwent the same procedure with VR. An external control group (n patients = 94, n procedures = 101) was matched to the intervention group based on age and procedure type. Pain and anxiety were assessed subjectively before and after the procedure, with intra-individual and intergroups comparisons. Side effects were captured objectively.

resultsA total of 206 participants were included in this study, with a total of 213 invasive procedures. Anxiety and pain decreased more during VR period than the without VR period and external control group. VR was effective in anxiety and pain reduction during all procedure, except pain during CT (

conclusionVR effectiveness was demonstrated in reducing pain and anxiety during painful procedures. It was effective in reducing anxiety during CT. CLINICAL

trial registration[ClinicalTrials.gov] identifier is [NCT07085065].

Indexed as

anxietychemotherapyhematologic malignancieshematology procedurespainVirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID42885483
PMCPMC13685555

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.