Preparation of Customizable Ligand-Functionalized Chitin Biopolymer Adsorbents Utilizing the Azide-Alkyne "Click" Reaction for the Adsorption of Aqueous Cu(II).

Blaine M Berrington, Reyla Williams, Richard LaDouceur

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Blaine M BerringtonDepartment of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Montana Technological University, 1300 West Park Street, Butte, MT 59701, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-1729-1712

Reyla WilliamsDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-8856-5646

Richard LaDouceurDepartment of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Montana Technological University, 1300 West Park Street, Butte, MT 59701, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6094-0844

Funding

DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chitin is an abundant biopolymer, with 1-3 million tons potentially available annually from shellfish-processing waste, but remains underutilized because its insolubility in conventional solvents makes it difficult to process and functionalize. Herein, a three-step route to chitin adsorbents with interchangeable ligands is reported. Highly acetylated chitin was tosylated and converted to the C-6 azide, and amine- and hydroxyl-terminated ligands were attached to this common intermediate by the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) "click" reaction, yielding water-insoluble derivatives. Cu(II) adsorption to the adsorbents was evaluated using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES analysis). Under standard conditions (pH 6.0, 4 h contact), amine- and alcohol-chitin adsorbed 30.1 ± 1.3 and 22.3 ± 1.9 mg Cu g

Indexed as

adsorptionbiopolymerchitinclick chemistrycopper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC)Cu(II)heavy metal removalwaste valorizationwater treatment

Identifiers

PMID42885080

DOI10.3390/polym18192450

PMCPMC13667407

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.