ArticleNutrients2026
Dietary Fructooligosaccharide Is Associated with Improved Insulin Resistance, Reduced
Article in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesObesity disrupts glucose homeostasis and insulin signaling, partly through altered gut hormone secretion and intestinal inflammation. Our previous work demonstrated that fructooligosaccharides (FOS), a prebiotic fiber, suppressed colonic inflammation, and modulated gut microbiota when administered with vitamin D supplementation. However, the effects of FOS on metabolic alterations, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) production under obesogenic stimulation remains unclear. Here, we examined the effects of FOS on insulin resistance and GLP-1 production in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice.
methodsSix-week-old male and female C57BL/6J mice were assigned to control or HFDs ± 5% FOS for 10 weeks. Body weight, visceral fat, fasting glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were assessed. Serum GLP-1 was quantified by ELISA. Colonic expressions of
resultsFOS attenuated HFD-induced metabolic dysfunction, lowering serum insulin and HOMA-IR in both sexes. Notably, FOS elicited sex-dependent physical improvements of which it suppressed body weight gain by 10% in male mice and reduced visceral fat accumulation by 36% in female mice. The phenotypic changes in male mice were associated with an increase in GLP-1. Further, FOS modulated colonic PI3K/Akt signaling in a sex-dependent manner and downregulated HFD-associated increases in
conclusionsFOS improves insulin sensitivity in HFD-induced obesity and specifically enhanced GLP-1 production in male mice. Though the mechanism remained elucidated, the observed phenotype changes may be attributed to a combination of altered colonic PI3K/Akt pathways and targeted bacterial shifts. These effects appear to be sex-dependent and support FOS as a promising dietary strategy for maintenance of metabolic health.
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