ReviewNutrients2026
The Role of Herbal Medicines in Cognitive Impairment: A Narrative Review of Neuroprotective Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.
Review in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Cognitive impairment encompasses a clinical spectrum ranging from mild cognitive impairment to dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), and involves interconnected pathological processes including cholinergic dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial impairment, amyloid-β accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, and synaptic loss. Herbal medicines have attracted increasing attention because their complex phytochemical composition may provide multi-target neuroprotective effects. This narrative review aimed to summarize current preclinical and clinical evidence on herbal medicines and traditional herbal formulations for cognitive impairment, with emphasis on their mechanisms, therapeutic potential, safety, and translational limitations. Relevant evidence from in vitro studies, animal models, randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses was narratively synthesized. The review considered single herbal medicines, standardized extracts, isolated phytochemicals, and traditional multi-herbal formulations, together with their reported cognitive outcomes and molecular targets. Preclinical studies suggest that selected herbal preparations may modulate pathways implicated in cognitive impairment through acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition, antioxidant and mitochondrial protection, suppression of neuroinflammatory signaling, modulation of amyloidogenic and tau-related pathways, and enhancement of BDNF/TrkB- and CREB-associated neuroplasticit; however, clinical evidence remains limited and heterogeneous. Clinical studies of
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